All other chats were similarly big draws among the public. An episode of the variety series The Kraft Music Hall, starring Bing Crosby with special guest Phil Silvers; airdate December 16, 1943. As a result there was vigilance to keep off the air anything that might be interpreted as supportive of these politics or in opposition to government efforts to bring about economic recovery. Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001. Arthur Bernard Leaner was a professional radio DJ and record label owner that broke significant ground for Black music in Chicago between 1940 . The Golden Age of American radio as a creative medium lasted, at best, from 1930 to 1955, with the true peak period being the 1940s. The economic situation during the Depression directly impacted radio. Daily soap operas, mysteries, science fiction, and fantasy programs were performed alongside radio productions of classic plays and live musical performances. A 1939 poll indicated almost one-fourth of the population usually listened to the chats while almost 40 percent sometimes listened, adding up to almost 65 percent of the population. Famous Female Radio Personalities | List of Top Female Radio - Ranker From the old Oak Grove Hotel to the present day studios on 2nd Avenue and 7th Street, WCCO has brought Minnesota and Upper Midwest radio listeners big news stories and major events . Birthplace: Pikesville, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. June 25, 2020. But that began what we called "personality radio." . "Amos 'n' Andy" creators Freeman Gosden and Charles Corell developed a complex world for their characterstwo black, Southern men newly transplanted to a Northern city. As the country came increasingly close to war, his diocese, in Detroit, chose to review his statements prior to broadcast. Biggest stars of the 1940's - IMDb Radio Days. Similarly crime dramas were also popular, with shows like "Sherlock Holmes" and "The Green Hornet.". Shirer reported on the dramatic surrender of France to Germany at Compaigne. (Tone) (Her voice starts to break) When you hear the tone the time will be eleven fifty-nine and three-quarters. One of the most popular radio personalities of the 1950s was These are some of the most famous black Radio DJs on the planet. was concerned about service to rural areas, competition in the communications industry, and recent technological advances. Broadcasting had become a profession in the 1930s and was experiencing the growing pains of becoming an established and accepted part of society. View More. In 1922 he introduced the Radiola, for $75, and made radio a household appliance. . During the '50s the program was retooled into the Lux Video Theater for TV. Radio Days - Page 1 - Hollywood Star Walk - Los Angeles Times View More. It wasn't until 1920 that radio stations were regularly making commercial broadcasts, beginning with KDKA of Pittsburgh and WWJ of Detroit. Hooper. His first song was "Goodnight My Beautiful". Since most radio soap operas were only fifteen minutes long, many could run in one day. famous radio personalities 1940s religious interview questions and answers sharleen spiteri ashley heath . and radio performer. Jack Benny was one of the foremost radio stars of The Golden Age of Radio. The radio series was broadcast on CBS Radio from A, Dennis Day (born Owen Patrick Eugene McNulty )appeared for the first time on Jack Benny's radio show on October 8, 1939, taking the place of another famed tenor, Kenny Baker. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 1998. These well-funded productions were high quality with a great deal of planning, classic scripts, and major stars and they attracted large audiences. A new Federal Radio Commission established by the law would define what the public interest meant, though broadcasters would be held responsible for the content they provided. Jun 8, 2015 - Explore April's board "Radio Stars of the 40's and 50's", followed by 2,433 people on Pinterest. Carpenter, Ronald H. Father Charles E. Coughlin: Surrogate Spokesman for the Disaffected. January 21, 2013, . Radio was fast becoming a way of life. By the end of the Depression events in Europe as a whole were deteriorating. The formation of NBC was followed by the formation of CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System). The deepening Depression impacted every aspect of American life and Americans looked for new avenues to escape the dreariness of unemployment, homelessness, and hunger. Murrow provided regular reports on the bombing of London in his "London After Dark" series broadcast by shortwave radio. When war between Germany and the United Kingdom was declared, Murrow reported firsthand. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Good memories." News shows and commentary kept everyone informed of the dire situation at home and the deteriorating situation in Europe. Amos: Yeahif I hadn't been thinkin' 'bout goin' to Chicago den, I'd of got de mil in de buck a' right. Singing commercials became popular. The Spanish Civil War (19361939) is considered the first radio war. This was Radio. The tally resulted in an estimate of the number of people listening to a particular show; a rating of 14.2 meant that out of 100 people called, 14.2 were listening to a particular program at the time of the call. Composer Irving Berlin complained that Americans were becoming listeners rather than singers. Songwriters were under incredible pressure to produce new material, and many collapsed as a result. In 1933 you and I knew that we must never let our economic system get completely out of joint againthat we could not afford to take the risk of another great depression. His company, RCAthe Radio Corporation of Americagrew from $11 million in sales the first year to $60 million three years later. News programs and commentary provided direct challenges to long-held views, likewise many "entertainment" programs provided cultural criticism. They were a good investmentafter the initial expense, the family was able to enjoy drama, comedy, quiz shows, the news, and more for free in the comfort of their homes. The Department of Commerce, however, lacked the discretion to reject license applications or to enforce frequency assignments. "Radio 1929-1941 "Sam Bass," an episode of the western series Death Valley Days; airdate August 27, 1936. Another firm that measured audience response was the A.C. Nielsen Co., which provided thousands of listeners with a mechanical device called an audiometer. Sources In the 1930s specialists in radio sound effects emerged to provide that critical element of escapism for those many listeners hoping to escape from the daily problems of coping with the Depression. New York: Oxford University Press, 1966. (Sock. His character was particularly appealing to the Great Depression audience that was coping with economic hard times. The 1930s were a time of profound and lasting changes at home and abroad. The plugger would sell songs, to which the publisher held the recording rights, to popular musicians who would hopefully make the songs famous, which would increase a song's sales and the publisher's profit. For example they created the character of Dick Tracy, Jr. who encouraged listeners to become Dick Tracy Junior Detectives by sending in box tops from certain cereals. Now the mass produced goods could be promoted through the mass media for mass consumption. "The Maltese Falcon," an episode of the motion-picture adaptation series Academy Award Theater, starring Humphrey Bogart and Sidney Greenstreet; airdate July 3, 1946. 2. Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures. In 1943, Beulah moved over to That's Life and then became a supporting character on the popular Fibber McGee and Molly radio series in late 1944. Discuss how radio changed America's response to the war in Europethe war that would eventually become World War II. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. No other media of the time was as pervasive. In response to the election, the Spanish military formed a military government, exiled the leaders of the group, and attempted to isolate the various local groups that supported the Popular Front. In black-appeal radio, the disc jockey role was pioneered both locally and nationally by Jack L. Cooper, who began playing . Part of its responsibilities was to assign specific radio frequencies and call letters to radio stations. Known as an American DJ, music historian, radio personality, and actor, he was the host of several music radio countdown programs, notably "American Top 40" from 1970 until his retirement in 2009. So when Gladys Hill, who was the first "Dizzy Lizzy," left Houston, I took her place as the second "Dizzy . The show is notable for being the first sitcom to star an African American actress.Originally portrayed by white actor Marlin Hurt*pictured*, Beulah Brown first appeared in 1939 when Hurt introduced and played the character on the Hometown Incorporated radio series and in 1940 on NBC radio's Show Boat series. Dramatic shows and situation comedies, the bulk of prime-time programming, ran 30 minutes each. is an American radio personality, author, and actress, best known for being the long-running news anchor and co-host of The Howard Stern Show. Many of the major newscasters of the century got their start in radio during the Depressionincluding H.V. I got a idea. About $75 could buy a Marconi console, a common reference to a popular type of radio in a wooden cabinet and named after the inventor of radio, Guglielmo Marconi of Italy, who remained active until his death in 1937. View More. The Great Depression especially brought new and troubling problems. Famous People. Not only would Americans share in the hardship caused by the Depression and in the solutions offered by the New Deal, but also in fads which themselves provided further escape from the Depression. This is Jocko" was one of Doug "Jocko" Henderson's signature phrases on the radio when he worked for WDAS in Philadelphia back in the 1950s-70s. The open discussions with the public had a major impact on Roosevelt's presidency, building a high level of trust. For example, newspapers were still more a local and regional form of information sharing. Radio stations in nearby Morocco and the Canary Islands broadcasted in support of the rebels, and rebel resistance grew. unfolding elsewhere by communities experiencing the same Depression-spawned problems as theirs. Originally broadcast as "Sam 'n' Henry" in 1926, the show was renamed when it changed networks. In 1937 a reporter captured his reaction to the crash of the Hindenburg. Many of the production companies employed correspondents who wrote back with suggestions. *loved them when they would guest star on the Jack Benny show!*. Beulah was employed as a housekeeper and cook for the Henderson family: father Harry, mother Alice and son Donnie. FM was clearly superior in the quality of the broadcast. The growth in radio provided a large audience for various voices in cultural and political criticism. Popular soap operas received thousands of letters from women asking for help with real-life problems. In effect, four Justices ruled that the right under a private contract to exact a pound of flesh was more sacred than the main objectives of the Constitution to establish an enduring Nation. 5) Petey Greene. John Lennon (1940 - 1980) British musician, member of the Beatles. Studies showed that Americans were listening to radio for an average of five hours a day. Sports commentary was popular on radio and play-by-play commentary on baseball and other games was popular, though not always what it seemed. The Broadcast Century and Beyond: A Biography of American Broadcasting. Edward R. Murrow (19081965). The Women Who Overcame Radio's Earliest Glass Ceilings He hosted a celebrity gossip show during much of the Depression that became both very popular and highly criticized. Music full, then down and out). LEXICARTER LEXI CARTER. The immediacy of information had the added impact of making the entire world feel like one's neighborhood. All over the world the potential of radio was quickly realized. "The Seventh Victim," an episode of the science-fiction series X Minus One, based on a short story by Robert Sheckley; airdate March 6, 1957. These attacks that were so strong that he was sometimes called the father of hate speech. While in London Murrow brought together several exceptionally talented newsmen, known as "Murrow's Boys.". Throughout the war, broadcasts in many languages and sponsored by many groups rallied support and impacted the outcome of the war. Winchell had many critics of his approach of publicizing activities that many considered inappropriate for public comment. Radio not only widened the scope of Americans past their own communities, it brought the events of the world into their homes. Though they married in 1926, Burns and Allen did not tell their radio audience for many years. Later recorded music was regularly broadcast, and radio stations had a series of continuing battles with ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers) over how to charge fees for playing recorded music that had copyrights. Hardships of the Great Depression increased hatred toward racial minorities by society in general. In 1933 Edwin Howard Armstrong produced the first FM transmitter and receiver, although it was six years before an FM station would air. The power of radio was being exploited in the international arena, also. Amos: He tol' you to milk de cowhe didn't tell me to do it. The radio also became a forum for discussionand promotionof all aspects of the policy changes. Add links. RM2HJCMA2 - Dr. Seuss (1904-1991) sketching Clifton Fadiman (1904-1999) as the Cat in the Hat. Comedian Bob Hope was an exceptional radio performer who went on to an extraordinary career in television and film. There were also concerns during the 1930s, and later, that radioand indeed all mass mediawould be misused. Soon the reports made clear that the entire world had been invaded by Martians who planned on taking over the planet. While much of his message regarded a type of economic populism, which emphasized the common person, he regularly attacked prominent Jewish people. Sound effects are an important part of communicating drama and comedy over the radio. Frequency modulation (FM) was introduced in which static interference was much less. As early as 1939, Germany began hiring expatriate Americans to host radio programs aimed at deterring U.S. intervention in the war. Vaudeville performers had a challenge in translating their talent to radio. In the United States, active broadcasting preceded firm government policy. . Programs became fixed in quarter-hour and half-hour blocks and featured a wide variety of formats. Many of Hollywood's most glamorous stars appeared on radio. Paley was responsible for bringing substantial entertainment to the Great Depression audience who could little afford to pursue other forms of entertainment. By the mid-1930s two-thirds of American homes had radio sets, and by 1939 about 80 percent of Americansabout 25 million peopleowned radios. The fireside chats allowed Americans to feel an intimacy with their president that few had felt beforePresident Roosevelt was in their living room, expressing his concerns, empathizing with their situation. Jokes could not be reused as they could in live stage acts. Jack Benny (18941974). Historic Events for Students: The Great Depression. Music publishing companies hired song pluggers to "place" their songs with singers and musicians. Not everyone approved of the escapism of radio. Welles's work with radio is best remembered for the show on October 30, 1938, when he aired "The War of the Worlds," a story depicting an alien invasion, which caused widespread panic around the United States. An episode of The Bob Hope Show, starring Bob Hope and featuring Les Brown and His Band of Renown; recorded at Carswell Air Force Base, Texas, January 9, 1951. In the late 1940s, . Historic Events for Students: The Great Depression. Swing represented decadent America, and jazz was seen as antithetical to the purity of the Aryan race, which was a term for the non-Jewish white population. Starring Jack Benny as himself, the laugh-out-loud sitcom is widely considered the epitome of 20th century American comedy. 1940s: TV and Radio | Encyclopedia.com They reflected national and local musical trends, exposed audiences to new music, and in some cases produced records and managed artists. It was "The Golden Age of Radio.". Grote Reber Chicago also soon developed into a major centre of radio production, transmitting many of the daytime soap operas and afternoon shows for children. Bluegrass singer-songwriter Bill Monroe performs with Jimmy Martin on guitar, Buddy Killen on bass and Don Slayman on fiddle on stage at the Grand Ole Opry in . Live musical groups that played on the radio during the late 1920s and early 1930s included The Sylvania (light bulbs) Foresters, The Champion (spark plugs) Sparkers, and The Planters (peanuts) Pickers. Radio was used to communicate political positions, and to show support of, and against, politicians. Father Coughlin exerted enormous influence on America during the Great Depression. When German planes bombed the Basque town of Guernica in Spain in 1937, it solidified writer and director Norman Corwin's hatred of fascism. You ain't got no bizness shootin' de milk on de ground. Here They AreAmos 'n' Andy. "Stage Holdup," an episode of the western series Gunsmoke, starring William Conrad; airdate January 2, 1954. This reflected the migration of black Americans from Southern rural areas to Northern industrial centers. Body crumples) There; now he'll be quiet for a minute. The change of one vote would have thrown all the affairs of this great Nation back into hopeless chaos. As at the start of the twenty-first century advertising paid for most radio programming. They feared that the exchange of ideas and clash of opinions essential to democracy would be compromised. Advertisers also found a new medium for promoting their goods nationwide. For artists radio opened up a whole new medium to pursue their craft. Czechoslovakia didn't seem so far away, and the invasion of Poland didn't seem so insignificant to the United States. NEIL: But you said it what quarter to twelve the last time I asked. In 1983 a television movie, "Special Bulletin" used the broadcast format to tell the fictional story of a nuclear explosion in South Carolina, and, despite regular disclaimers, caused some concern and panic. A fundamental shift in American broadcasting came with the realization by the late 1920s that individual stations could easily share the cost of providing programs as a part of a broader network service with national appeal. They warned that children should be running and playing outside, not sitting inside being entertained by a box. Programming turned political when Pres. 4. The world seemed to be a smaller place. Radio use was not confined to economic class. In response the Communications Act of 1934, one of the regulatory foundations of Roosevelt's New Deal, which was a group of policies focused on relief and reform, provided for the establishment of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). . Previously, Simmons was a radio and television personality for Indianapolis' WHHH-FM. Marie Wilson portrayed the title character, Irma Peterson, on radio, in two films and a television series. An outstanding comedic duo, the show was a huge success providing many laughs to the American audiences during the Great Depression and later made the transition to television. William S. Paley (19011990). Introduction. In 1936, however, radio transmitters reached most of the population of Spain. The chat demonstrates Roosevelt's friendly style that many found comforting. ), OPERATOR: (On filter) When you hear the signal the time will be eleven fifty-nine. She also played an uncredited bit part as a sales assistant in The Women* pictured here w/ Joan C*, filmed after Gone with the Wind but released before it. Programs during the Golden Age of Radio frequently took the name of their sponsors. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Our story begins in the 1920s, when networks began to sponsor a few hours of weekly programming for Black audiences, including live musical and theatrical performances. Decoder rings enabled listeners to decipher messages given in code language during episodes of the program. The 100 Outstanding Journalists in the United States in the Last 100 Lillian Disney at Schiphol Airport in 1951 by Carel L. de Vogel from Wikimedia Commons. To complete our program of protection in time, therefore, we cannot delay one moment in making certain that our National Government has power to carry through. Soon after, with the authority of the Congress, we asked the Nation to turn over all of its privately held gold, dollar for dollar, to the Government of the United States. Sponsored by Eversharp, the first series ran on CBS Radio from July 5, 1945 to March 28, 1947.

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